History: 31 yo male with hypercalcemia. Evaluate for underlying etiology.
Solution: The radiographic findings in this case are bilateral, symmetric hilar adenopathy, and multiple hypoechoic testicular masses. Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease (non-caseating granulomas) of unknown etiology that can effect numerous organ systems. In this case, the pulmonary involvement is limited to adenopathy, later confirmed with a high-resolution Chest CT, and there is granulomatous involvement of the testicles. When multiple, bilateral testicular masses are seen, a typical differential includes: Sarcoidosis, Adrenal rests, and metastases (including lymphoma and leukemia). Clinical symptoms generally include: fever, anorexia, and arthralgias, and up to 15% of patients will have hypercalcemia. Treatment is with steroids and outcome is usually most closely related to degree of pulmonary parenchymal or cardiac involvement.