History: 5 yo male with new onset renal failure and hematuria
Solution: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue sarcoma with the most common age of presentation being between 2 and 6. Pelvic/GU tract rhabdomyosarcoma is one of the most common sites of presentation. It frequently invades adjacent organs and most often metastasizes to the lung. In this case, the tumor could be arising from the bladder base or prostate, but prostate would be favored because in appears to be coming out of the deep pelvis and displacing the bladder superiorly with only superficial invasion. These patients will need staging CT scans and in those with with localized disease the overall 5-year survival rates can be more than 80%. However, in patients with metastatic disease, the overall 5 year survival is much lower at less than 30%. Treatment usually involved a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.